Grows on wood Mushrooms identifications

Coprinus xanthorthrix Romagn. S?rgaszemcs?s tintagomba. Cap 1-2.8cm,greyish to brownish, sulcate to the centre (umbrella like, -ribbed as gill lines show through). Stem 30-80x3-4mm white with a volva like veil zone. Gills whitish darkening as the spores mature to violaceous black. Spores 8.5-11 x 5-6.5?. spore print dark, violaceous black. Found on the ground or well rotted twigs in woods, oak and in Poland quite common under birch.

Coprinus lagopides Karst. Kohlentintling. Cap 2?6cm high, cylindrical to conical, expanding with margin gradually enrolling, white to grey, at first covered in a conspicuous whitish to greyish fibrillose veil remnants, later less so and striate from margin inwards. Stem 30?110 x 3?12mm, white, initially with white down then smooth in places, base white and woolly. Smell none. Gills soon dark vinaceous then black. Spore print violaceous black. Spores ellipsoid to subglobose, 6?9 x 5?7um. Habitat on burnt soil or charred wood and so differing markedly in habitat from the superficially similar C. lagopus. Season late autumn. Frequent. Edibility unknown-avoid. Distribution, America and Europe.

Conocybe percincta Orton Gurtel-Samthaubchen. Cap 1?3.5cm across, conico-convex then expanding and often umbonate, pale yellow with darker ochre centre becoming darker yellow-brown. Stem 25?45 x 2?5mm, pale yellowish, silky above ring, finely cottony below, often darkening towards the base; ring prominent, later movable and often slipping down the stem. Flesh yellowish darkening to brown towards the stem base. Smell slightly acidic or mealy. Gills pale clay at first becoming dirty ochre, finally rusty-clay. Cheilocystidia obtuse, cylindric-clavate, utriform or lageniform. Spore print rust. Spores elliptic to almond-shaped, with germ pore, 10?12 x 5?6?. Basidia two-spored. Habitat on bare soil or rotting straw. Season late autumn. Occasional. Not edible. as many Cortinarius contain toxins. Found In Europe.

Coniophora puteana (Schum.) Karst. syn. C. cerebella Pers. syn. Corticium puteanum (Schum.) Fr. Gelber Holzschwamm Vastagb?r? foltgomba Wet Rot. Fruit body resupinate, forming irregular patches 4?20cm across, creamy white at first then pale yellow becoming dirty chrome to olivaceous, margin broad, white, radiating, surface irregular, rough and warted. Flesh very thin. Spores olivaceous-brown, broadly elliptic, 11?13 x 7?8?. Habitat on trunks, decaying wood or timbers; it is one of the major causes of wet rot in damp buildings. Season all year. Common. Not edible. Found In Europe.

Collybia alkalivirens Singer Cap 1-4cm across, broadly convex becoming flatter or broadly umbonate; margin incurved at first, then plane or recurved or wavy in age; dark reddish brown to blackish brown, fading to dingy pinky-brown or buff; smooth, moist to dry, margin radially lined to furrowed. Gills adnate, close to distant, narrow to broad; same color as cap. Stem 25-75 x 1-3mm, hollow, often flattened above; dark reddish brown or blackish brown; smooth, fibrous-brittle. Flesh thin, pliant; same color as cap. Turns greenish to dark olive with KOH. Odor none. Taste very bitter. Spores narrowly ellipsoid, smooth, nonamyloid, greenish with KOH, 5.4-8.6 x 2.2-5.4?. Deposit white. Habitat singly or in groups on soil, moss, or very rotten conifer wood. Often common. Found widely distributed in northern North America. Season May-,July in the East, October-December in the Northwest. Not edible.

Collybia acervata (Fr.) Kummer syn. Gymnopus acervatus (Fr.) Murrill Cap 1-5cm across, convex with an incurved margin at first, becoming flatter; reddish brown becoming paler, more pinkish buff to whitish tan on drying; moist to dry, smooth. Gills adnate to free, close, narrow; whitish to dingy pale pink. Stem 30-100 x 2-5mm, hollow; reddish brown with white hairs around the lower section and base; dry, smooth, brittle. Flesh thin, flexible; pinkish white. Taste bitter when cooked. Spores ellipsoid, smooth, 5-6.5 x 2-2.5?. Deposit white. Habitat in dense clusters on decaying or buried logs or stumps of coniferous wood. Common among conifers. Found in northern North America, Colorado, and Texas. Season July-October (November in Texas). Not edible.

Clitocybula familia (Pk.) Singer Cap 1-4cm across, bell-shaped then convex becoming flatter, with an incurved margin that spreads and finally becomes torn in age; grayish buff to brownish buff or dirty cream; smooth, moist. Gills adnate to nearly free, crowded, narrow; ash gray to whitish. Stem 40-80 x 1.5-3mm, fragile, gray or whitish, with flat white hairs on the base; smooth with a fine bloom. Flesh thin, fragile. Taste slightly disagreeable. Spores globose, smooth, amyloid, 3.5-4.5 x 3.5-4.5-. Deposit white. Habitat in large clusters on conifer logs. Often abundant. Found widely distributed in North America. Season August-October. Said to be edible.

Clitocybe truncicola (Pk.) Sacc. Cap 1-5cm across, broadly convex with an inrolled margin, becoming flatter then broadly depressed in age with an undulating margin; whitish becoming buff colored; thickly covered in dense, white downy hairs. Gills adnate to short decurrent, close to crowded, narrow; whitish to creamy buff. Stem 10-40 x 2-l0mm, stuffed, with base sometimes slightly enlarged and curved; white to pale cream or pale pinky-buff; slight bloom at the top, fine dense hairs below. Flesh thin, firm; white. Odor not distinctive. Taste not distinctive. Spores subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, smooth, nonamyloid, 3.5-4.5 x 2.5-3.5?. Deposit white. Habitat scattered or in groups on hardwood stumps and fallen trunks. Found widely distributed in central and eastern North America. Season August-September. Not edible.

Clitocybe subbulbipes Murr. Cap 1-5cm across, convex becoming flatter with a depressed disc, margin inrolled then becoming wavy; yellowy, honey brown fading to pale grayish, yellowy fawn, somewhat darker at the disc, and margin fading last; hygrophanous, smooth. Gills decurrent, close or crowded, narrow to moderately broad; dirty white to pale fawn. Stem 20-70 x 2-l0mm, hollow, sometimes compressed; pale honey or bud, whitish at the top; smooth, minutely felty; base with some rhizoids and whitish mycelium. Flesh thin, firm; pallid. Odor mildly sweet or none. Taste mushroomy, slightly unpleasant, or none. Spores ellipsoid, smooth, nonamyloid, 4.5-6 x 2.8-4?. Deposit cream. Habitat singly, scattered, or in groups on hardwood logs. Found in northeastern North America. Season July-August. Not edible.

Clitocybe intermedia Kauffman Cap 1.5-4cm across, broadly convex and shallowly depressed with an inrolled margin, becoming funnel-shaped with a wavy margin; yellowy brown to fawn to buff; hygrophanous, moist, smooth. Gills decurrent, close, narrow to moderately broad; pale buff or pale pinky-gray. Stem 10-65 x 2-6mm, stuffed then hollow, sometimes curved; same color as cap, smooth to finely hairy, sometimes with white mycelium around the base. Flesh thin, brittle; buff or fawn. Odor mealy. Taste mealy. Spores ellipsoid, smooth, amyloid, 6.5-8.5 x 4-5?. Deposit white. Habitat scattered or in clusters on soil and twigs along roads and paths and in open woods. Found in northeastern North America and the Pacific Northwest. Season September-October. Not edible.

Climacodon septentrionalis (Fr.) Karsten ?szaki t?sk?slaska. Fruit body huge, consisting of overlapping fan-shaped caps growing in horizontal clusters 15-30cm high, arising from a solid base which narrows to an attachment about 2cm wide where it enters the wood. Cap 10-15cm across, 2-5cm thick near the base, shelf-like, thinning toward the margin; whitish to yellowish or buff, turning brownish yellow when dry, with very faint zones; densely hairy and roughened. Spines on undersurface 0.5-2cm long, narrow, with lacerated tips, crowded, pliant; dull white drying yellowish. Flesh up to 4cm thick, fibrous, tough, elastic; white, zoned. Odor none or mild when fresh, of ham when dry. Taste none or mild when fresh, bitter when old. Spores ellipsoid, smooth, 2.5-3 x 4-5.5?. Deposit white. Cystidia thick-walled with encrusted tip. Habitat high up or in the wounds of living deciduous trees such as maple, beech, and birch. Found widely distributed in northeastern North America as far south as Tennessee. Also in Europe. Season July-October. Not edible.

Climacocystis borealis (Fr.) Kotlaba & Pouz. ?szaki likacsosgomba. Fruit body annual; no stem. Bracket 15cm across, 8cm wide. 4cm thick, fan-shaped to broadly stalk-less, fiat and semicircular, often overlapping; white to cream or straw-colored when fresh, becoming darker when dry; soft and watery when fresh, dry, brittle and often with radial lines when dry; felty to hairy, becoming partly smooth and partly covered in stiff hairs when dry. Tubes up to 5mm deep; same color as pores. Pores 1-2 per mm, thin-walled, angular; white to cream or light straw. Flesh duplex, with a lower dense layer up to 2cm thick; whitish. Taste mild. Spores broadly ellipsoid, smooth, thin-walled, 4.5-6.5 x 3-4.5?. Hyphal structure monomitic. Habitat on dead or living conifers and rarely on deciduous wood. Often abundant. Found widely distributed in coniferous forests in North America, excluding the southern pine region. Also in Europe. Season August-November. Not edible.

Clavariadelphus junceus Fr. syn. Clavaria juncea Fr. syn. Macrotyphula juncea (Fr.) Berthier Binsen-Keule Clavaire en forme de jonc Slender Club Fruit body 3-10cm high, 0.5-2mm wide, pale ochraceous, solitary or gregarious, acute at first becoming blunt when mature, rather rigid. Flesh firm, not brittle. Taste acrid, smell sour. Spores white, almond shaped, 6-12-3.5-5.5-. Habitat amongst leaf litter in frondose woods, on rotting twigs, petioles and other debris, rarely on bare earth. Season autumn up to November. Occasional but probably often overlooked. Not edible. Distribution, America and Europe.

Chondostereum purpureum (Fr.) Pouz. syn. Stereum purpureum (Fr.) Fr. Purpurner Schichtpilz, Lil?s r?teggomba, Stereum pourpre, Silverleaf Fungus. Bracket 1.5?3cm across, 1?2cm wide, 0.2?0.5cm thick, usually several brackets fused together and overlapping; extremely undulate, tough when fresh becoming brittle when dry; upper surface covered in dense white woolly hairs in concentric bands; lower surface dark violaceous or violaceous-brown in young specimens and becoming brownish with age, drying paler (lower specimens in photograph). Spores subcylindrical, 5?8 x 2.5?3?. Hyphal structure monomitic; generative hyphae with clamp-connections. Habitat parasitic or saprophytic on various trees, especially members of the Rosaceae. Season all year. Common. Not edible. Distribution, America and Europe. This fungus is the cause of ?silver leaf? disease which leads to the destruction of fruit trees; plum trees are particularly susceptible. The first visible sign of infection is silvering of the leaves due to the upper epidermis becoming separated from the rest of the leaf and lifting in patches. This effect occurs progressively along a branch and on cutting the wood appears stained brown by the fungus. If the wood is cut back until no infection is seen and the wound treated with a fungicide the fungus can be eliminated. Where silvering of the leaves occurs all over a tree simultaneously it is unlikely to be due to this fungus; this can be verified by examination of the wood for staining. This false silver leaf which has the same symptom, that of the upper epidermis lifting, is caused by physiological disturbance such as heavy pruning.

Chlorociboria aeruginascens (Nyl.) Karst. ex Ram syn.. Chlorosplenium aeruginascens (Nyl.) Karst. Green Wood-cup, Chlorosplenium blue-vert, Gr-ner Holzbecherling, Z-ld facs-szegomba, Kopergroene bekerzwam. Fruit body 1-5mm across, cup-shaped then flattened with a wavy, irregular margin, attached to the substrate by a short stalk, bright blue-green throughout. Asci 70 x 5m. Spores fusiform, containing two small oil drops situated at opposite ends of the spore, 6-10 x 1.5-2-. Habitat on fallen branches of deciduous trees, especially oak. The mycelium growing through the wood stains it conspicuously blue-green. Season mainly autumn although also found in spring to autumn. The stained wood is often seen but the fruit bodies are less frequent. Not edible. Distribution, America and Europe. The infected wood, known as -green oak-, was formerly used in the manufacture of Tunbridge ware, a traditional method of decoration where woods of different colours were arranged into blocks to give the desired pattern, compressed, then cut transversely into thin strips of veneer.

Ceriporiopsis gilvescens (Bres.) Dom. syn. Poria gilvescens Bres. Blasser Krustenschwamm Fruit body resupinate, initially small then merging into larger patches up to 10?15 x 2?5cm and 0.5cm thick, white, bruising or drying flesh-coloured, reddish-brown or ochraceous but remaining pale at the sterile margin. Tubes 1?4mm long, pale reddish-brown. Pores 3?5 per mm, more or less angular. Spores ellipsoid-cylindric, 4?6(7) x 1.5?2?. Hyphal system monomitic; hyphae thin-walled with clamp-connections. Habitat on logs and rotting stumps of deciduous trees. Season all the year, annual. Occasional. Not edible. Found In Europe.

Capitotricha bicolor (Bull.) Baral syn. Dasyscyphus bicolor (Bull.Fex Merat) Fuckel. Asco. Small cups 1-2mm across, yellow on the inside white on the outside, which is covered with thick white hairs, margin inrolled when dry. Aci 8 spored, spores 7-10 x 1.5-2.5. Found in many parts of the world Europe and America growing on twigs of dead Oak, and other hardwood twigs. Not edible.